![]() ![]() Stephen is to remain king until his death, upon which Henry succeeds as lawful heir to the throne of England. ![]() ![]() The government of the duchy of Normandy is handed from Geoffrey of Anjou to his son, Henry. Matilda leaves England to return to Normandy. By the end of the year, Stephen no longer holds a single Norman stronghold. Geoffrey of Anjou conquers Normandy in Matilda’s name. The captive King Stephen is then exchanged for Robert, Earl of Gloucester, and civil war continues. Matilda escapes a siege at Winchester by forces loyal to Stephen, but her brother, Robert, is captured. Matilda is declared ‘Lady of England and Normandy’, but, following preparations for her coronation, Londoners drive her out of Westminster. Stephen is defeated at the battle of Lincoln and is captured by Robert, Earl of Gloucester. Matilda makes the long journey to the duchy of Lower Lorraine to meet her future husband, the Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich V (pictured right), whom she marries in January 1114įollowing the death of Heinrich in 1125, Matilda returns to England whereupon her father commands his Anglo-Norman nobles to swear an oath that they will support his daughter as his successor if he dies without a male heir. Matilda is born to Edith, daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland, two years after her father, Henry I, took the throne of England following the death of his brother, William Rufus. ![]()
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